Cognitive dysfunction in survivors of childhood medulloblastoma

  • Research type

    Research Study

  • Full title

    Neuroanatomical correlates of cognitive dysfunction in short and long term survivors of childhood medulloblastoma

  • IRAS ID

    216505

  • Contact name

    Chris Clark

  • Contact email

    christopher.clark@ucl.ac.uk

  • Sponsor organisation

    UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health

  • Duration of Study in the UK

    2 years, 5 months, 28 days

  • Research summary

    The overall survival rate of children with medulloblastoma, the most common malignant brain tumour of childhood, has increased dramatically due to the availability of intensive multimodal treatment strategies. However, these improvements in survival are often accompanied by serious brain impairments. For example, deficits in attention, memory, and literacy are commonly seen in survivors.

    To better understand how these impairments arise, imaging techniques can be used to investigate structural changes in the brain as a result of radiation and chemotherapy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows us to take pictures of the brain and, using a type of MRI called diffusion MRI, it is possible to measure the degree of damage to the brain structure. Some preliminary studies have been performed in survivors of tumours, including medulloblastoma. They provide evidence of brain damage, and provide preliminary evidence that the degree of damage is related to cognitive brain problems that are observed.

    However, these previous studies are limited by:
    (i) Mixed groups of patients with medulloblastoma and other types of cancer, such as leukaemia.
    (ii) Small numbers of patients.
    (iii) Analysis of specific brain areas rather than the whole brain.

    We aim to conduct a more detailed and comprehensive study by:
    (i) Studying much larger cohorts of medullablstoma survivors only.
    (ii) Measuring both structure and function of the whole brain.
    (iii) Relating these measures to cognition and behaviour.
    (iv) Looking at changes in function and structure in patients in the short- and long-term, and studying short-term survivors over an 18-month period to better understand if/how these changes are evolving over time.

    By doing this we aim to determine which brain areas are being damaged during treatment that subsequently lead to impairment. With this knowledge it may be possible to modify treatments to spare these vital regions and reduce the frequency and severity with which post-treatment brain problems occur in the future.

  • REC name

    London - West London & GTAC Research Ethics Committee

  • REC reference

    18/LO/1462

  • Date of REC Opinion

    1 Oct 2018

  • REC opinion

    Unfavourable Opinion